Hengyuan Tai Highlights Several Quality Issues in Photovoltaic Modules
Common Quality Issues in Photovoltaic Modules: Insights from Hengyuan Tai
What are the common quality issues in photovoltaic (PV) modules?
Today, Hengyuan Tai introduces several quality issues in PV modules.
1. Causes of Mesh-Like Microcracks:
- Microcracks occur when the solar cells are subjected to external force during welding or handling.
- When solar cells are exposed to sudden high temperatures after being at a low temperature without proper preheating, expansion can cause microcracks.
Impact on Modules:
- Mesh-like microcracks can cause power degradation in modules.
- Over time, microcracks can lead to fragmentation and hot spots, directly affecting module performance.
Preventive Measures:
- Avoid excessive external force on solar cells during production.
- Preheat the cells during the welding process, and ensure soldering iron temperature meets requirements.
- Strictly enforce EL (electroluminescence) testing standards for quality inspection.
2. Causes of EVA Delamination:
- Insufficient crosslinking due to factors such as low lamination temperature or short lamination time.
- Foreign matter on the surfaces of raw materials like EVA, glass, or back sheets.
- Uneven composition of EVA raw materials (e.g., ethylene and vinyl acetate) preventing proper dissolution at normal temperatures.
- Excessive flux usage causing delamination along the main gridlines when exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Impact on Modules:
- Small delamination areas can lead to reduced power output, while large areas can result in module failure and scrapping.
Preventive Measures:
- Strictly control key parameters such as lamination temperature and time. Regularly conduct crosslinking tests to maintain a crosslinking rate of 85% ± 5%.
- Enhance inspection and quality control of raw materials from suppliers.
- Strengthen final product appearance inspection during the production process.
- Limit flux usage to avoid exceeding 0.3mm beyond both sides of the main gridline.
3. Causes of Module Burnout:
- Small contact areas or cold solder joints between the busbar and solder ribbons increase resistance, leading to overheating and module burnout.
Impact on Modules:
- In the short term, there may be no noticeable effect. However, prolonged operation in an external power generation system can lead to module burnout and eventual scrapping.
Preventive Measures:
- Strictly follow standard operating procedures for busbar soldering and module repair processes to ensure adequate soldering areas.
- Visually inspect solder joints to confirm proper completion.
- Control soldering iron temperatures within the range of 375°C ± 15°C and limit soldering time to 2–3 seconds.
These are the key PV module quality issues introduced by Hengyuan Tai.